What does the prefix "hyper" indicate in medical terminology?

In medical terminology, the prefix "hyper" specifically means "above" or "excessive." It is commonly used to describe conditions that involve an increased quantity or degree of a physiological function or component. For instance, the term "hypertension" refers to elevated blood pressure, clearly illustrating the "excessive" aspect that this prefix conveys.

Understanding the prefix "hyper" is essential for interpreting various medical terms, as it indicates that something is beyond the normal or expected limits. In contrast, the other options do not accurately reflect this meaning; they correspond to different measurements or descriptions, such as "three," "large," and "small," which do not convey the concept of excess or elevation inherent in "hyper."